Asian American Racial Formations and the Production of Scientific Knowledge in the Pacific and the American West, 1900–77

AHA Session 188
Saturday, January 10, 2026: 10:30 AM-12:00 PM
Hancock Parlor (Palmer House Hilton, Sixth Floor)
Chair:
Nicole E. Barnes, Duke University
Comment:
Clare Kim, University of Illinois Chicago

Session Abstract

This panel highlights the understudied contributions of Asian Americans to the fields of computer science, gynecology, psychology and physics. In focusing on Asian Americans, the panel showcases how scientific knowledge was shaped by shifting perceptions of Asian Americans as either enemy/ally or problem/solution based on the United State’s domestic and foreign policy. By careful analysis of different Asian American populations ( Japanese, Koreans, and Filipinos) a common thread throughout the papers is the persistent use of scientific discourse to legitimate racial hierarchies across the US empire. And at the same time, the ways that Asian American subjects on the ground used these same conversations to engage in their own forms of racial meaning making.

Ahn examines the life trajectory of a Korean particle physicist who lived and worked in the US during both shifting political relations with Asia, 1935-1977. For example, ample patronage for science in the United States facilitated the transnational exchanges of knowledge, while the changing immigration acts in the United States during the Cold War enabled Lee to become a naturalized citizen. Oh focuses on ALOHAnet, the world’s first working wireless computer network ( 1968–1971) and positions it within the wider historical context of the history of electrical engineering in Hawai‘i. Through comparing earlier projects, Oh demonstrates how Hawai‘i transitioned from a politically charged and contested space between kingdoms and empires, to a region that let tensions arise yet in a manageable way within a more stable framework. Peralta examines how US physicians’ encounters with indigenous and enslaved women in the continental US, informed the type of obstetrical knowledge which transited to the Philippines under the US empire. This obstetrical data informed the ways that Filipino women were racialized as either in closer proximity to whiteness or blackness. Shinozuka focuses on intelligence testing in order to consider the relational racial construction of Japanese American and Mexican American students at the height of eugenics and intelligence testing in the early twentieth century in order to better understand the interrelationship between education, scientific racism, and citizenship. Through comparative approaches, this panel showcases the overlapping histories of Asian Americans and scientific knowledge.

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