The Ming Loyalty in Late Chosŏn Korea: A Perspective on “Generation”

This paper explores the cultural phenomenon of Ming loyalty in late Chosŏn Korea, analyzing its evolution from the perspective of different generations. The overthrow of the Ming dynasty in 1644 significantly impacted East Asian countries, including Chosŏn Korea, which sought to legitimize its regime by honoring the Ming. Chosŏn Korea intellectuals, deeply knowledgeable about Ming history, often compiled and edited historical works to commemorate the Ming dynasty. This trend persisted despite the Qing dynasty's dominance and its friendly policies towards Chosŏn Korea.

The project highlights the shift in focus among Chosŏn Korea intellectuals from Chinese to Korean history, particularly during the 18th century. This change was driven by a growing sense of national identity and the realization that excessive attention to Ming history overshadowed Chosŏn Korea's own historical achievements. Prominent figures like Yi Man-un(李萬運) and Ŏm Suk(嚴璹) criticized the neglect of Chosŏn Korea history and advocated for its prioritization. Their efforts marked a significant turning point, as Chosŏn Korea intellectuals began to emphasize their own historical narratives and heroes.

This paper also discusses the methodological approach of examining historical writings through the lens of "generation," revealing how different generations of Chosŏn Korea intellectuals had varying motivations and perspectives on Ming loyalty. This generational analysis helps to understand the complex interplay between historical knowledge, cultural identity, and political legitimacy in late Chosŏn Korea.