In the 1960s, political leaders in Colombia prioritized "the issue of land" on the public agenda. In the context of the Cold War and following a crude civil and bipartisan conflict commonly known as "La Violencia" in the 1950s, the government of Alberto Lleras Camargo recognized that land disputes in the countryside were destabilizing factors that contributed to ongoing conflicts over land ownership and labor among the social classes in rural areas. In response to this situation, Law 135 of 1961, the Agrarian Social Reform Law, was enacted as a legal solution to address land tenure disputes in the countryside and as a promise for development and peace in Colombia’s rurality. The implementation of agrarian reform included the establishment of bureaucracies, legal frameworks, institutions, and programs that defined who qualified as beneficiaries of the reform and who did not. It outlined the ideal use of land, its contribution to the country’s development, and the agrarian model that the country should adopt to overcome conflict and instability in rural areas. Throughout this decade, both state and private actors, along with social organizations and grassroots movements, engaged in discussions and produced ideas and practices about the concepts of "land," "land ownership," and the distinctions between “productive” and “unproductive” lands, and “state” and “communal” lands. The presentations of this roundtable seek to discuss “land” not as a universal and self-evident concept, but as a socially and historically situated concept, shaped by power dynamics, silences, and tensions among diverse social actors. They discuss the various definitions of land and land regimes that were produced during a Cold War context when agrarian reform was a priority on the government agenda. The roundtable targets the public interested in Cold War Latin America, as well as a wider audience keen on land regimes and power across various contexts and historical periods.