This roundtable aims to engage with and to test the limits of Tehila Sasson’s recent book, The Solidarity Economy: Nonprofits and the Making of Neoliberalism after Empire (Princeton University Press, 2024), which traces how British nonprofits became important actors in the global economy after decolonization through development and welfare programs: from microfinance and fair trade shops to corporate social responsibility. These programs, the book shows, aimed to make capitalism ethical, emphasizing ideas such as decentralization, privatization, and entrepreneurship. Though commonly associated with conservative neoliberal policies, Sasson argues, these ideas were part of a nonprofit-driven endeavor by the liberal left to envision markets as autonomous and humanizing spaces, facilitating ethical relationships beyond the impersonal realm of the state. The book reconstructs the political economy of these markets—from handicrafts and sugar to tea and coffee—shedding critical light on the postimperial origins of neoliberalism. This roundtable will engage with the book’s major themes in order to interrogate the traction of Sasson’s arguments for the fields of the history of the British empire, the history of capitalism and neoliberalism, and the history of development. Participants have been chosen for their ability to test the book’s pressure points. Guy Ortolano will analyze these themes in terms of the history of the British empire and decolonization. Aaron Benanev will assess them against an international history of development, technology, and unemployment. Charles Troup will push the book’s chronology by examining the places of these themes on a longer historical axis within the history of capitalism.