Historians such as Geoffrey Jones have described globalization and deglobalization since the 19^th century as occurring in waves. This panel seeks to look beyond these macroeconomic trends to explore the political debates and ideas that facilitated or hindered the expansion of international trade and investment in specific historical contexts. The papers examine how different historical actors, including left-wing radicals, corporate leaders, State Department officials, and labor union economists understood and sought to shape international economic policy. Spanning across more than a century, the papers consider the shifting politics of globalization within the United States over a broad period of time. In so doing, the panel seeks to understand globalization and deglobalization as products of political debate and decision-making. Such discussion is critical for understanding the contentious trade politics of our current day.