The US Culture Wars in a Global Context

AHA Session 188
Saturday, January 7, 2023: 1:30 PM-3:00 PM
Regency Ballroom B (Loews Philadelphia Hotel, 2nd Foor Mezzanine)
Chair:
Benjamin Cowan, University of California, San Diego
Comment:
Helen Kim, Emory University

Session Abstract

The US Culture Wars are typically presented as an emblem of American parochialism, an event that distinguishes the country from other industrialized nations. Although we have a rich scholarship about the origins and central issues at stake in the culture war debates, scholars are nearly unanimous in ending their analysis at the country’s borders. This panel challenges the methodological nationalism implicit in the history of the US culture wars. It brings together scholars of Latin America, East Asia, and the United States to consider the transnational dimensions of the phenomenon. The three papers demonstrate that the US culture wars were shaped by its American encounters with foreigners, from the import of educational methods to confrontation and collaboration with foreign government officials at international conferences to humanitarian practices abroad. Jennifer Miller’s paper interrogates the discourse surrounding the growing popularity of Kumon afterschool tutoring in the United States in the 1980s and the early 1990s. This Japanese import contributed to the growth of neo-liberalism in the United States by helping convince Americans that by returning to “traditional” education and family roles, their children would be better situated to compete economically in an increasingly globalizing world. Gene Zubovich’s paper investigates the transnational Catholic antiabortion movement of the 1980s and its role in the Reagan administration’s announcement of the “Mexico City policy” at the UN. It argues that the cosmopolitan connections made in the international movement shaped the ideas and strategies of American activists. Finally, Hannah Waits’ paper shows how American evangelicals transformed from the most implacable foes of AIDS victims domestically to the face of AIDS relief internationally. Evangelical missionaries convinced churchgoers in the US that AIDS was not primarily about God’s condemnation for sexual sin but rather was about the suffering of black and brown families overseas that US Christians could relieve through conservative sexual morality expressed in abstinence-only education. Collectively, these papers show that the US culture wars cannot be understood apart from their transnational dimensions.
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