This roundtable discussion brings together four scholars whose innovative work approaches the history of climate change, historical climate variations, and climate science from geographically rooted perspectives. The history of global warming is neither a phenomenon of the late twentieth century, as the regular focus on the Great Acceleration after 1945 might suggest, nor a subject that needs to be approached on an exclusively global, even planetary scale. This panel makes the case that climate histories benefit from regional and place-based approaches to understand climate-society relations. The papers address the Habsburg monarchy’s place in the history of climate science and ideas about climate-related risk; the scientific dialogue of East and West German weather and climate researchers across the Iron Curtain; and engage the question of how planetary-scale concepts and claims can be tied back to historically contingent social collectives and their agency, whether in twentieth-century Swedish forestry science or in marine environments and imperial peripheries like Svalbard. This roundtable explores the contributions that (Central) European historians make to the study of anthropogenic climate change and natural climate variations. It shows how a topic that is frequently framed in global terms can be made productive for the study of particular world regions, in this case Europe, and how historians with a particular regional expertise inform climate histories.