Women, Labor, and Intermarriage in the Baja California Borderlands

In 1921, the Mexican census reported a drastic change in demographics in the northern territory of Baja California. Over ninety-three percent of Baja California’s population was racially mixed.  People in Baja California spoke at least 14 different languages and 8 different dialects. This paper examines what led to this transformation by exploring the social interactions, romantic, and labor ties among Indians, mestizos, Asians, Europeans, and Americans at home and in the workplace between 1870 and 1930.